Chemoenzymatic synthesis of symmetrically structured triacylglycerols possessing short-chain fatty acids

Synthesis of symmetrically structured triacylglycerols possessing bioactive n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid) at the 2-position and a short-chain fatty acid (C₂, C₄, C₆) located at the end-positions by a highly efficient two-step chemoenzymatic process is described. Full regiocontrol devoid of any acyl-migration side reactions was obtained in both a lipase promoted step to introduce the short-chain fatty acids exclusively into the primary alcohol positions of glycerol using activated vinyl esters at low temperature and a subsequent coupling reaction involving free EPA and DHA using EDAC as a coupling agent.