Theoretical investigation for spectroscopic constants of ground-state alkaline-earth dimers with high accuracy

In this work, we provide highly accurate theoretical estimates for spectroscopic constants of the ground-state alkaline-earth dimers (Ca₂, Sr₂, and Ba₂). Electron correlation energies are calculated with coupled-cluster method at the single, double, and noniterative triple excitations CCSD(T)] level, and the effects of full triples as well as quadruple excitations are also taken into account at the CCSDT and the CCSDT(Q) level. Our results demonstrate that high-order electron correlation is important to achieve results with high accuracy. We also find that results for Ca₂ with counterpoise corrections, which are designed to eliminate the basis set superposition error, deviate further away from those at the complete basis set limit than the uncorrected ones. The calculated binding energies and equilibrium bond lengths for Ca₂ and Sr₂ are in excellent agreement with recent experimental data. On the other hand, our results for Ba₂ are quite different from previous theoretical data, and there is no available experimental equilibrium bond length and binding energy for calibration. Based on the performance of the adopted approach for Ca₂ and Sr₂, our results should be more reliable and could be helpful for future investigations.