The growth kinetics of colloidal ZnO nanoparticles in alcohols |
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Authors: | Sikora Bożena Fronc Krzysztof Kaminska Izabela Baranowska-Korczyc Anna Sobczak Kamil Dłużewski Piotr Elbaum Danek |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, al Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland |
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Abstract: | We have studied the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures over a wide range of parameters to determine the kinetics of the nanocrystals
growth. The initial rapid nucleation and growth is kinetically controlled, the subsequent ZnO nanocrystals growth is thermodynamically
controlled through the diffusion limited Ostwald coarsening. The ZnO coarsening rates increased with number of alcohol’s alkyl
group carbons and temperature increase, pointing to importance of the solvent viscosity, dielectric constants, surface energy
and the bulk solubility. The results are consistent with the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner model. For all alcohols, in the NaOH
induced reaction, a lower activation energy was observed compared to the aqueous reaction. A lower ZnO solubility, obtained
by the water synthesis could be responsible for these observations. Our results point to the importance of the reactant selection
in controlling the kinetics of the nanostructure formation, their size and the nature of the surface defects responsible for
their luminescence. |
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