生物样品中有毒重金属的快速检测与脱除技术研究进展

重金属在工业生产和生活实践中应用广泛,由其引发的中毒案件和事故时有发生。为了及时预防和治疗重金属中毒,亟需探究建立简便、快速的生物样品中重金属检测与脱除方法。然而由于生物样品的基质较为复杂,检测前通常需要繁琐的样品处理。近年来,固体进样等一系列技术迅速发展,在生物样品的快速直接分析中展现出巨大的应用潜力。本文详细评述了适用于生物样品中重金属的快速检测方法，总结了常用的生物体内重金属脱除技术，并对当前研究中的不足以及进一步的发展做了简要展望。

Research progress on rapid detection and removal technology of toxic heavy metals in biological samples

Heavy metals are widely used in industrial production and life practice, and poisoning cases and accidents caused by them occur from time to time. In order to prevent and treat heavy metal poisoning in time, it is urgent to explore and establish some simple and rapid methods for the detection and removal of heavy metals in biological samples. However, the matrix of biological samples is complex, and complicated sample treatment is usually needed before detection. In recent years, a series of technologies, such as solid injection, have developed rapidly, showing great application potential in rapid and direct analysis of biological samples. In this paper, the rapid detection methods for heavy metals in biological samples were reviewed in detail, and the common removal technologies of heavy metals in organisms were summarized. Besides, a brief outlook on the shortcomings in the current study and further developments was also given.