适配体纳米金比色分析技术研究进展

核酸适配体作为一种生物识别分子，其本质是一段单链DNA或RNA，折叠形成特定的二级、三级构象后与靶标分子以高亲和力高特异性结合。纳米金具有强烈的粒子间距光学效应，其在分散状态下呈红色，发生凝聚后变为蓝色。适配体可以通过共价偶联或静电吸附与纳米金结合，通过结合靶标来控制纳米金的颜色变化，从而提供了一种简单、快速、灵敏、可以肉眼观察的快速分析技术。综述了适配体纳米金比色分析技术的研究进展，通过对不同方法比较和讨论，提出了未来的研究方向。

Gold Nanoparticle-Aptamer Based Colorimetric Biosensing Assays

The single strand nucleic acid based aptamer could bound to targets with high sensitivity and specificity. Gold nanoparticles have strong particle space optical effects and could take a color change from red to blue when the dispersed nanoparticles were aggregated. Aptamer could be immobilized through covalent coupling or direct adsorption to the surface of gold nanoparticle. Various approaches have been designed for biosensing based on the target induced aptamer-gold nanoparticle system color changes. The recent developments in the gold nanoparticle-aptamer based colorimetric biosensing assays were reviewed and the directions for future research were discussed and proposed.