波浪破碎气体的卷入过程及相关统计量的估计

基于实验观测，导出了波浪破碎能量耗散ε_ed、气泡云卷入深度z_b、气体卷入速率Q(z)和湍流动能耗散率ε_T(z)的表达式，在此基础上建立了一种简单、实用的气泡粒径谱参数化模式N(a,z)，揭示了波浪破碎气泡云卷入过程能量耗散、气泡破碎临界Hinze特征尺度和气泡粒径谱在不同海况下的变化. 研究表明：气泡云卷入过程能量耗 关键词： 波浪破碎能量耗散 气泡云卷入深度 气泡粒径谱

Air bubble entrainment by breaking waves and estimation of the related statistical quantities

Based on the experiments, the energy loss from wave breaking ε_ed, the bubble plume penetration depth z_b, the rate of air entrainment　Q(z), and the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate ε_T(z) are estimated in this study. As a consequence, a simple bubble size spectrum model N(a,z) is proposed and the rate of energy dissipation due to air bubble entrainment and bubble fragment Hinze scale and bubble size spectrum are investigated under different sea states. It is indicated that the rate of energy dissipation due to air bubble entrainment ranges from 01 to 06 in low and moderate sea states, but may be negligible in the high sea state. Bubble fragment Hinze scale downshifts to the lower-frequency band as wind speed increases. Bubble size spectrum not only depends on the rate of air entrainment, the breaking rate, and the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, but also strongly on the wind and sea state.