Phase diagram of a 2D metal system with a variable number of carriers

It is shown that the phase diagram of a 2D metal undergoing a superconducting transition consists of regions of a normal phase where the modulus of the order parameter is absent, an “anomalous normal” phase where the modulus of the order parameter is different from zero but the phase of the order parameter is a random quantity, and a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase. The characteristic temperatures of transitions between the phases and the behavior of the chemical potential as a function of the fermion density and temperature are found. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 65, No. 2, 170–175 (25 January 1997)