交通拥堵管理中可交易电子券方案的公平性分析

利用损失厌恶理论中的参照依赖模型,构建用户的感知出行成本函数,在固定需求的交通网络中加入电子券交易费用率,建立均衡条件下的变分不等式模型。通过模拟仿真,说明市场交易费用率会影响电子券交易市场,政府可通过调节交易费用率提高电子券方案公平性。选取路网中所有起讫对间出行成本变化率波动的加权平均值,度量可交易电子券方案的公平性,综合考虑最小化系统出行总成本和最大化方案公平性两个目标,构造效用函数,分析不同权重下市场交易费用率对可交易电子券方案的影响,以期对电子券方案的公平性进行优化。

Equity Analysis of Tradable Credit Schemes in Traffic Congestion Management

Based on the reference dependence model in the loss aversion theory, we construct the perceived travel cost function. With the consideration on transaction cost ratios in the credit cards market, we develop the variational inequality model under the conditions of user equilibrium and market equilibrium for the traffic network with fixed demand. By some simulation experiments, we illustrate that according to the adjustment of the market transaction cost ratio, government can affect the credit trading market and promote the equity of tradable credit schemes. Furthermore, we measure the equity of tradable credit schemes by the weighted average of the travel cost ratio fluctuation of all the OD pairs in the traffic network. A utility function is proposed to balance the reduction of total system cost and the requirement of increasing the equity of tradable credit schemes. The optimal solution under different conditions can be obtained by changing the weights of the utility function.