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Interlaboratory comparison of size and surface charge measurements on nanoparticles prior to biological impact assessment |
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| Authors: | G. Roebben S. Ramirez-Garcia V. A. Hackley M. Roesslein F. Klaessig V. Kestens I. Lynch C. M. Garner A. Rawle A. Elder V. L. Colvin W. Kreyling H. F. Krug Z. A. Lewicka S. McNeil A. Nel A. Patri P. Wick M. Wiesner T. Xia G. Oberd?rster K. A. Dawson |
| Affiliation: | 1. Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Retieseweg 111, B-2440, Geel, Belgium 2. Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland 3. Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards & Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8520, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899-8520, USA 4. EMPA, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 Street, Gallen, Switzerland 5. Pennsylvania Bio Nano Systems LLC, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA, 18902, USA 6. Garner Nanotechnology Solutions, Pleasanton, CA, 94566, USA 7. Malvern Instruments Inc, 117 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA, 01581-1042, USA 8. Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, 575 Elmwood Ave., MRB Annex, 3-11001, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA 9. Department of Chemistry, Rice University, MS-60, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA 10. Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg/Munich, Germany 11. Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 469, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA 12. Division of Nano Medicine, Department of Medicine at UCLA, 52-175 CHS, 10833 LeConte, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1736, USA 13. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Box 90287 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC, 27708-0287, USA |
| Abstract: | The International Alliance for NanoEHS Harmonization (IANH) organises interlaboratory comparisons of methods used to study the potential biological impacts of nanomaterials. The aim of IANH is to identify and reduce or remove sources of variability and irreproducibility in existing protocols. Here, we present results of the first IANH round robin studies into methods to assess the size and surface charge of suspended nanoparticles. The test materials used (suspensions of gold, silica, polystyrene, and ceria nanoparticles, with [primary] particles sizes between 10?nm and 80?nm) were first analysed in repeatability conditions to assess the possible contribution of between-sample heterogeneity to the between-laboratory variability. Reproducibility of the selected methods was investigated in an interlaboratory comparison between ten different laboratories in the USA and Europe. Robust statistical analysis was used to evaluate within- and between-laboratory variability. It is shown that, if detailed shipping, measurement, and reporting protocols are followed, measurement of the hydrodynamic particle diameter of nanoparticles in predispersed monomodal suspensions using the dynamic light scattering method is reproducible. On the other hand, measurements of more polydisperse suspensions of nanoparticle aggregates or agglomerates were not reproducible between laboratories. Ultrasonication, which is commonly used to prepare dispersions before cell exposures, was observed to further increase variability. The variability of the zeta potential values, which were also measured, indicates the need to define better surface charge test protocols and to identify sources of variability. |
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