Determination of aldehydes in rainwater using micro-solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography |
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Authors: | Chanbasha Basheer Shruti Pavagadhi Huixin Yu Rajasekhar Balasubramanian Hian Kee Lee |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore;3. Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore;4. Singapore-Delft Water Alliance, National University of Singapore, 2 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117577, Singapore |
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Abstract: | A simple and rapid extraction procedure was developed for determining aldehydes in rainwater samples. This extraction technique involved the use of micro-solid-phase extraction in which the sorbent was held within a polypropylene membrane envelope, followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and valeraldehyde were used as model compounds. Extraction conditions were optimized. The method linearity ranged between 0.5 and 50 μg l−1 with the correlation coefficient of 0.987–0.999. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the method ranged from 7 to 12%. Method detection limits were in the range of 0.07–0.15 μg l−1, which is lower than those previously reported for solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometric techniques. The proposed extraction technique was used for determination of aldehydes in rainwater samples to demonstrate the applicability of the method. |
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Keywords: | Microextraction Carbonyls Rainwater Derivatization |
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