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Evidence of reciprocal reorientation of the catalytic and hemopexin-like domains of full-length MMP-12
Authors:Bertini Ivano  Calderone Vito  Fragai Marco  Jaiswal Rahul  Luchinat Claudio  Melikian Maxime  Mylonas Efstratios  Svergun Dmitri I
Institution:Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. ivanobertini@cerm.unifi.it
Abstract:The proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases toward extracellular matrix components (ECM), cytokines, chemokines, and membrane receptors is crucial for several homeostatic and pathological processes. Active MMPs are a family of single-chain enzymes (23 family members in the human genome), most of which constituted by a catalytic domain and by a hemopexin-like domain connected by a linker. The X-ray structures of MMP-1 and MMP-2 suggest a conserved and well-defined spatial relationship between the two domains. Here we present structural data for MMP-12, suitably stabilized against self-hydrolysis, both in solution (NMR and SAXS) and in the solid state (X-ray), showing that the hemopexin-like and the catalytic domains experience conformational freedom with respect to each other on a time scale shorter than 10(-8) s. Hints on the probable conformations are also obtained. This experimental finding opens new perspectives for the often hypothesized active role of the hemopexin-like domain in the enzymatic activity of MMPs.
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