Physicochemical properties of maize cob cellulose powders reconstituted from ionic liquid solution |
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Authors: | Chukwuemeka P Azubuike Héctor Rodríguez Augustine O Okhamafe Robin D Rogers |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria;(2) QUILL, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK;(3) Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;(4) Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin-City, 300001, Nigeria;(5) Center for Green Manufacturing and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; |
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Abstract: | Suitable α-cellulose and cellulose II powders for use in the pharmaceutical industry can be derived from maize cob. α-Cellulose
was extracted from an agricultural residue (maize cobs) using a non-dissolving method based on inorganic substances. Modification
of this α-cellulose was carried out by its dissolution in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C4mim]Cl), and subsequent regeneration by addition of either water or acetone at room temperature, or of boiling water. X-ray
diffraction and infrared spectroscopy results showed that the regenerated celluloses had lower crystallinity, and proved that
the treatment with C4mim]Cl led to the conversion of the crystalline structure of α-cellulose from cellulose I to cellulose II. Thermogravimetric
analysis and differential scanning calorimetry data showed quite similar thermal behavior for all cellulose samples, although
with somewhat lower stability for the regenerated celluloses, as expected. The comparison of physicochemical properties of
the regenerated celluloses and the native cellulose mainly suggests that the regenerated ones might have better flow properties.
For some of the characterizations carried out, it was generally observed that the sample regenerated with boiling water had
more similar characteristics to the α-cellulose sample, evidencing an influence of the regeneration strategy on the resulting
powder after the ionic liquid treatment. |
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