Free Convection Boundary Layer Flow from a Heated Upward Facing Horizontal Flat Plate Embedded in a Porous Medium Filled by a Nanofluid with Convective Boundary Condition |
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Authors: | Md?Jashim?Uddin Email author" target="_blank">W?A?KhanEmail author A?I?Md?Ismail |
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Institution: | 1.School of Mathematical Sciences,Universiti Sains Malaysia,Penang,Malaysia;2.Department of Engineering Sciences, PN Engineering College,National University of Science and Technology,Karachi,Pakistan |
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Abstract: | The steady laminar incompressible free convective flow of a nanofluid over a permeable upward facing horizontal plate located
in porous medium taking into account the thermal convective boundary condition is studied numerically. The nanofluid model
used involves the effect of Brownian motion and the thermophoresis. Using similarity transformations the continuity, the momentum,
the energy, and the nanoparticle volume fraction equations are transformed into a set of coupled similarity equations, before
being solved numerically, by an implicit finite difference numerical method. Our analysis reveals that for a true similarity
solution, the convective heat transfer coefficient related with the hot fluid and the mass transfer velocity must be proportional
to x
−2/3, where x is the horizontal distance along the plate from the origin. Effects of the various parameters on the dimensionless longitudinal
velocity, the temperature, the nanoparticle volume fraction, as well as on the rate of heat transfer and the rate of nanoparticle
volume fraction have been presented graphically and discussed. It is found that Lewis number, the Brownian motion, and the
convective heat transfer parameters increase the heat transfer rate whilst the thermophoresis decreases the heat transfer
rate. It is also found that Lewis number and the convective heat transfer parameter enhance the nanoparticle volume fraction
rate whilst the thermophoresis parameter decreases nanoparticle volume fraction rate. A very good agreement is found between
numerical results of the present article for special case and published results. This close agreement supports the validity
of our analysis and the accuracy of the numerical computations. |
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