Proton segregation on a growing ice interface |
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Authors: | Yigal Lilach Martin J Iedema James P Cowin |
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Institution: | aThe Unit for Nanofabrication, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;bEnvironmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, K8-88 Richland, WA 99354-999, USA |
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Abstract: | Hydronium segregates to the surface of H2O (D2O) ice films grown on Pt(1 1 1) above 151 K (158 K). This is observed via the voltage that develops across the films, utilizing work function measurements. The dependence of this voltage on the film’s thickness is explained by a simple equilibrium model: as the film grows, most of the surface ions migrate so as to remain at the ice–vacuum interface, while a fixed percentage (0.05%) take the thermodynamically–unfavored route, to become incorporated into the growing bulk ice. This model implies a ΔG of about +0.1 eV for the movement of ions from the ice surface into the bulk ice. |
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Keywords: | Water Platinum Dissociation Hydronium Free energy Segregation Work function |
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