分子识别与温度响应复合智能材料

研究和开发具有双重和多重刺激响应型智能高分子材料已成为一个重要的发展方向。本文详细地综述了我们近年来在基于聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAM)和β-环糊精(β-CD)的复合智能线型高分子、复合智能微球和复合智能膜方面的研究进展。不同形式的复合智能材料均采用相同的反应机理制备。综述了制备工艺条件、共聚单体比例、接枝率、客体分子种类和浓度等因素对于不同形式复合智能材料的温度响应性和分子识别特性的影响规律,并对复合智能膜在亲合分离、控制释放和手性拆分等方面的应用进行了介绍。评述了分子识别与温度响应复合智能材料的研究意义和发展方向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。

Molecular-Recognition and Thermo-Responsive Composite Smart Polymeric Materials

Development of dual-stimuli-responsive and multi-stimuli-responsive smart polymeric materials becomes more and more important.The recent progresses in molecular-recognition and thermo-responsive composite smart linear polymers,smart microspheres and smart membranes based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) and β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) are reviewed in detail.The different kinds of smart materials are prepared by the same reaction mechanism,namely polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAM) with glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate)(PNG) polymer at first,followed by introduction of modified mono-6-deoxy-6-ethylenediamino-β-cyclodextrin(ECD) or mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamino-β-cyclodextrin(HCD) onto PNG polymer by virtue of reaction between primary amino groups and epoxy groups.The effects of preparation conditions,the molar ratio of NIPAM to GMA,grafting yields,the types and concentrations of guest molecules on the thermo-responsibility and molecular-recognition characteristics of different composite smart polymeric materials are discussed.Moreover,the applications of composite smart polymeric membranes in affinity separation,controlled release and chiral separation are also discussed.The significance and future of molecular-recognition and thermo-responsive composite polymeric materials are commented.