Fuel additives and heat treatment effects on nanocrystalline zinc ferrite phase composition |
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Authors: | Ping HuDe-an Pan Xin-feng WangJian-jun Tian Jian WangShen-gen Zhang Alex A. Volinsky |
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Affiliation: | a School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P.R. China b Beijing Electronic Science Vocational College, Beijing 100026, P.R. China c Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA |
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Abstract: | Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 powder was prepared by the auto-combustion method using citric acid, acetic acid, carbamide and acrylic acid as fuel additives. Pure spinel zinc ferrite with the crystallite size of about 15 nm can be obtained by using acrylic acid as fuel additive. Samples prepared using other fuel additives contain ZnO impurities. In order to eliminate ZnO impurities, the sample prepared with citric acid as fuel additive was annealed at different temperatures up to 1000 °C in air and in argon. Annealed powders have pure ZnFe2O4 phase when annealing temperature is higher than 650 °C in air. Sample annealed at 650 °C in air is paramagnetic. However, annealed powders become a mixture of Fe3O4 and FeO after annealing at 1000 °C in argon atmosphere due to Zn volatility and the reduction reaction. |
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Keywords: | Zinc ferrite Fuel additive Heat treatment Phase composition |
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