我国胶体与界面化学的发展

胶体与界面化学在能源、材料、生物、化学制造和环境科学等领域具有广泛的应用,并渗透到国民经济的各个主要领域中。所涉及到其中的一些重大科学问题,如土壤改良、功能与复合材料、三次采油、人造血浆、药物缓释与定向、润滑和油漆涂料等,与国家安全、能源开发、环境保护和人民生活等方面密切相关,发展胶体与界面化学学科对社会与经济的可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文综述了我国胶体与界面化学学科30年来的研究进展,尤其是近10年所取得的成就,主要包括新型两亲分子有序组合体的设计与构建、界面化学与有序分子膜、胶体与界面化学在微纳米功能材料合成中的应用新进展、胶体与界面化学在生物医药中的研究新进展,以及胶体与界面化学的研究新方法,并对该学科的发展前景与趋势进行了分析。

Development of Colloid and Interface Chemistry in China

Colloid and interface chemistry,which deals with colloidal dispersion system and interface phenomena,has wide application in various fields,such as energy,material,biology,chemical manufacture,and environmental science.Furthermore,with the developing of colloid and interface chemistry in the practical application,it will find more widely application in key fields of the national economy,such as oil recovery,controlled release of drug,paint,printing and dyeing,soil reclamation,etc.It therefore plays an important role in the sustained development of society and economics.In the present review,the progress of colloid and interface chemistry since 1982,especially the achievements in the latest decade,were summarized.These included the following aspects: the fabrication of functional ordered molecular assemblies,especially with respect to the supramolecular assembly,one-dimensional ordered assembly,organic-inorganic composite assembly,bionic microcapsule assembly;interface chemistry and ordered thin films;the application of the ordered molecular assemblies in biomedcine,biosensors,and the preparation of functional materials;and new methods in the colloid and interface chemistry.Besides,the developing trends of colloid and interface chemistry were also analyzed.