细菌修复加固石质历史建筑遗产研究

为了避免历史建筑遗产保护过程中造成不可逆损伤，通过细菌诱导碳酸钙在大理石试样表面矿化沉积形成薄层达到保护目的。采用XRD、SEM、MIP及超声波研究分析了矿化晶体晶相、矿化层生长、沉积晶体对试样孔隙影响以及矿化层粘结与保护效果。实验结果表明：矿化晶体为方解石和球霰石，细菌在晶体矿化沉积过程中充当成核位点，且晶体均匀生长在试样的表面，沉积致使试样孔隙率减小22.2％，但对孔隙分布无显著影响，矿化层与底层可以形成有效粘结。细菌诱导矿化修复保护新颖、生态，可以作为石质历史建筑遗产保护方法的有效选择。

Remediation of Historic Stone Buildings and Patrimony by Bacterially Induced Biomineralization

It is imperative that the remediation is achieved without the introduction of material causing irreversibly damage to historic stone buildings and patrimony. Laboratory experiments were conducted to protect and consolidate historic ones by bacterially induced carbonate mineralization on the surface of samples of marble. Some properties of samples and mineral, such as the composition and growth of the mineral deposited on samples, porosity or pore size distribution of samples, the efficiency of protection, were analyzed by XRD, SEM, MIP, utralsonication test. Experimental results show that phases of mineral crystal are calcite and vaterite, bacteria acts as nucleation sites in the course of precipitation of the mineral crystal, and that the crystal deposit uniformly on the surface and subsurface of samples of marble, and the precipitation has no significant effect on pore size distribution of samples, but results in porosity decreased by 22.2%, mineral crystal are strongly attached to the substratum. Bacterial mineralization for remediation of stone can be an ecological and novel alternative for traditional techniques.