炸药爆轰合成纳米石墨的红外光谱研究

石墨是碳材料中最常见的结晶状态,它具有耐高温、抗腐蚀、自润滑、无毒及价格低廉等特点,广泛应用于润滑剂和添加剂等方面^[1].由于高纯纳米石墨粉在某些高新技术领域中有较好的应用前景,近些年来得到开发和应用,如制成复合导电材料、吸波材料及储氢材料等^[2].以前有学者用纳米金刚石粉加热相转变^[3]和高能球磨^[4,5]的方法制备了纳米石墨,在制备碳纳米管时也有石墨的纳米粒子生成^[6].但用这几种方法制备纳米石墨,既费时又消耗较大能量,成本非常高.

Infrared Spectroscopy Studies of Nano-graphite Synthesized by Explosive Detonation

The nano-graphite powder was prepared by means of detonating of pure TNT（trinitrotoluene） explosives in a steel chamber. X-ray diffraction（XRD） and IR results indicate that the black solid powder which collected from the wall and the bottom of the chamber after the detonation has graphite structure and the average size of the particles of graphite is 1.86—2.58 nm. In the FTIR spectrum,there are two characteristic absorption peaks of graphite at 1 561 and 1 233 cm-1 and two antisymmetrical stretch vibration absorption peaks of CH2 at 2 923 and 2 853 cm-1 ,and one flexural vibration absorption peak of CH2 at 1 467 cm-1 . The vibration absorption peaks of CH2 disappeared when the nano-graphite is treated by acid. From the XRD spectrum and the mechanism of forming nano-graphite,the reason of the vibration absorption peaks of CH2 existing in the FTIR of nano-graphite was discussed.