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Systematic low-energy effective theory for magnons and charge carriers in an antiferromagnet |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Applied Physics and Key Lab for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2. Department of Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China;1. School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China;2. School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China;3. School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China;1. Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza della Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;2. INFN, sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy;3. John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany;4. Insitut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;5. Università di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy;6. INFN, sezione di Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, I-20126 Milano, Italy |
| Abstract: | By electron or hole doping quantum antiferromagnets may turn into high-temperature superconductors. The low-energy dynamics of antiferromagnets are governed by their Nambu–Goldstone bosons—the magnons—and are described by an effective field theory analogous to chiral perturbation theory for the pions in strong interaction physics. In analogy to baryon chiral perturbation theory—the effective theory for pions and nucleons—we construct a systematic low-energy effective theory for magnons and electrons or holes in an antiferromagnet. The effective theory is universal and makes model-independent predictions for the entire class of antiferromagnetic cuprates. We present a detailed analysis of the symmetries of the Hubbard model and discuss how these symmetries manifest themselves in the effective theory. A complete set of linearly independent leading contributions to the effective action is constructed. The coupling to external electromagnetic fields is also investigated. |
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