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Aqueous pretreatment for reactive ball milling of cellulose |
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| Authors: | Pei Huang Min Wu Shigenori Kuga Yong Huang |
| Institution: | 1. Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China 2. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China 3. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People’s Republic of China 4. Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan |
| Abstract: | Aqueous swelling pretreatment of cellulose was found highly effective for reactive ball milling to prepare surface-esterified cellulose nanofibers. Compared with starting from dry cellulose, water- or 2 % NaOH-pre-swollen materials were esterified and dispersed in significantly shorter milling time. Especially commercial kraft pulp was difficult to disperse even with water pretreatment, but 2 % NaOH treatment gave full surface esterification with a bulk degree of substitution of 0.69 by 12-h ball milling, presumably because of removal of non-cellulosic components. |
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