A New Unified Dark Fluid Model and Its Cosmic Constraint

In this paper, we propose a new unified dark fluid (UDF) model with equation of state (EoS) w(a)=?α/(β a ^?n +1), which includes the generalized Chaplygin gas model (gGg) as its special case, where α, β and n are three positive numbers. It is clear that this model reduces to the gCg model with EoS w(a)=?B _s /(B _s +(1?B _s )a ^?3(1+α)), when α=1, β=(1?B _s )/B _s and n=3(1+α). By combination the cold dark matter and the cosmological constant, one can coin a EoS of unified dark fluid in the form of w(a)=?1/(1+(1?Ω_Λ)a ^?3/Ω_Λ). With this observations, our proposed EoS provides a possible deviation from ΛCDM model when the model parameters α and n deviate from 1 and 3 respectively. By using the currently available cosmic observations from type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) Union2.1, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), we test the viability of this model and detect the possible devotion from the ΛCDM model. The results show that the new UDF model fits the cosmic observation as well as that of the ΛCDM model and no deviation is found from the ΛCDM model in 3σ confidence level. However, our new UDF model can give a non-zero sound speed, as a contrast, which is zero for the ΛCDM model. We expect the large structure formation information can distinct the new UDF model from the ΛCDM model.