Modification of gold nanorods using phosphatidylcholine to reduce cytotoxicity |
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Authors: | Takahashi Hironobu Niidome Yasuro Niidome Takuro Kaneko Kenji Kawasaki Hideya Yamada Sunao |
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Institution: | Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which is necessary for the preparation of gold nanorods (NRs), was extracted from a NR solution into a chloroform phase containing phosphatidylcholine (PC). After three extractions, the zeta potential of the NRs remained positive, but its magnitude decreased from +67 +/- 1 to +15 +/- 1 mV. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis indicated that the NRs were passivated with PC. The PC layer on the NR surface contributed to the prevention of NR aggregation. The PC-passivated NRs showed low cytotoxicity in comparison with twice-centrifuged NRs. It was shown that a negligible amount of CTAB was dispersed in the NR solution after the extraction. The extraction using a chloroform phase containing PC was found to be a convenient way of replacing the CTAB with alternative capping agents such as PC. This is a key technique for preparing functional NRs that can have practical applications. |
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