半导体-微生物界面电子传递及其在环境领域的应用

半导体-微生物复合体系在污染物深度降解、 合成有价化学品及元素生物地球化学循环等领域发挥着重要作用, 其界面反应过程的核心是电子转移. 本文重点阐述了微生物/半导体界面上微生物的种类和功能、 半导体的种类及光催化机制, 总结了半导体-微生物界面的直接和间接电子传递途径, 讨论了强化界面电子传递的方法以及半导体与微生物系统的稳定性, 介绍了近年来半导体-微生物复合体系在污染物转化、 化学品合成以及资源循环利用方面的应用现状, 以期为半导体-微生物复合体系的设计及其环境领域应用提供指导.

Electron Transfer on the Semiconductor-microbe Interface and Its Environmental Application

Semiconductors are widely detected in the natural environment， and microbes are one of the most abundant living organisms on the earth. Semiconductor-microbe hybrid system plays a key role in many fields， such as deeply degradation and mineralization of refractory pollutants， synthesis of value-added chemicals， and bio- geochemical cycles of elements. The key factor between semiconductors and microorganism centers on the electron transfer mechanism and pathway on the abiotic/biotic interface. Therefore， this review focused on the electron transfer on semiconductor-microbe interface， and summed up the functional types of microorganisms， types of semiconductors and photocatalytic mechanism on the biotic/abiotic hybrid system. Direct and indirect electron transfer pathway on the semiconductor-microbe interface were summarized. Methods of enhancing electron transfer methods were also introduced， including direct electron transfer enhanced by semiconductor modification， reducing photo-electrons and holes recombination， and indirect electron transfer enhanced by electron shuttles and carriers. At last， this paper introduces the application of the semiconductor-microbe hybrid system in the environmental field over recent years， including refractory pollutants synergistic degradation， value-added chemical synthesis， and elemental bio-geochemical cycling on the earth. We hope this review will help researchers to strengthen the understanding of the semiconductor-microbe interface， and propose solutions for the design and applications of the hybrid semiconductor-microbe system in the environmental field.