多普勒效应对雷电源辐射定位的影响关系研究

定位过程中考虑雷电辐射源运动所产生的多普勒效应这一因素，有助于提高定位结果的准确程度. 基于电磁波多普勒效应和阵列信号的波束形成算法，本文建立了多普勒效应对接收信号和雷电辐射源定位的数学模型，研究了雷电源的运动速度、运动方向对定位结果的影响，总结了多普勒效应对定位结果产生影响的变化关系. 仿真结果表明:当雷电发展速度增加时，接收频率误差随之增加，尤其雷电源运动速度在107～108 m/s（箭式先导和回击阶段）产生的频率误差值呈现激增的趋势, 其相对误差在20%左右，雷电源辐射定位的准确度也急剧下降；雷电源运动方向与来波方向夹角α在180°～360°时接收频率误差的变化为先减小后增大，雷电源辐射定位的准确度有不同程度的下降. 该研究可为雷电精细化研究提供依据.

Study on the influence of Doppler effect on the radiation localization of lightning sources

The Doppler effect generated by the motion of the lightning radiation source is added to the localization process, which helps to improve the accuracy of the localization results. Based on the electromagnetic wave Doppler effect and the beam forming algorithm of the array signal, this paper establishes a mathematical model of the Doppler effect on the localization of the received signal, and the lightning radiation source and investigates the influence of the movement speed and direction of the lightning source on the localization results. This paper summarizes the variation relationship of Doppler effect on localization results. The simulation results show that when the lightning development speed increases the received frequency error increases. In particular, the lightning source motion speed in 107?108 m/s (arrow pilot and return phase) generated a surge in the value of the frequency error, the relative error in about 20%. The accuracy of the lightning source radiolocation also decreases dramatically during this process. The angleαbetween the lightning source motion direction and the incoming wave direction is 180°?360°, the change of the received frequency error decreases first and then increases, and the accuracy of the lightning source radiation positioning decreases to different degrees. This study provides a basis for lightning refinement research.