基于Cy7类菁染料分子探针的设计策略

菁染料是一类经典的荧光染料母核, 具有摩尔消光系数大、 吸收波长可调、 溶解性良好及生物兼容性好等优点， 被广泛用于蛋白标记、 痕量金属离子检测、 生物活性物质检测、 细胞和活体成像及肿瘤靶向治疗等领域. 近年来, 生物医学领域对活体结构及功能成像深度提出更高的需求, 基于优异的长波长染料母核开发近红外荧光分子探针逐渐成为领域的研究重点. 吲哚七甲川菁染料(Cy7)是一类最具代表性的菁染料, 本文重点综合评述了自1992年以来基于Cy7结构开发的分子探针, 并介绍了该类荧光探针的设计策略. 最后, 讨论了该领域研究面临的挑战， 并对未来的发展方向进行了总结和展望.

Probe Design Strategies for Cy7-type Cyanine Dyes

Cyanines， one of the most classic organic fluorophores， have find extensive applications in the fields of protein labelling， trace metal ion detection， biological relevant species sensing， in vitro and in vivo imaging， targeted cancer therapies owing to their excellent properties including large molar absorption coefficient， tunable wavelength， good solubility and biocompatibility. In recent years， biomedical researches demand deeper penetration depth for in vivo structural and functional imaging， thus the development of near infrared molecular probes based on excellent long-wavelength scaffolds has become an important research area with profound implications. Indole heptamethine cyanine（Cy7） is one of the most representative cyanine dyes. In this review， emphasis was primarily paid to the Cy7-based molecular probes since 1992. We hope this will delineate the design rationale and inspire the development of more Cy7-based probes.