Structure and rheology of concentrated wormlike micelles [4]at the shear-induced isotropic-to-nematic transition |
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Authors: | J-F Berret DC Roux P Lindner |
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Institution: | (1) Unité Mixte de Recherche CNRS / Université de Montpellier II (no. 5581), Groupe de Dynamique des Phases Condensées, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France,, FR;(2) Institute Laue-Langevin, BP 156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, FR |
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Abstract: | We have investigated the simple shear flow behavior of wormlike micelles using small-angle neutron scattering and mechanical
measurements. Ternary surfactant solutions made of cetylpyridinium chloride, hexanol and brine (0.2 M NaCl) and hereafter
abbreviated as CPCl-Hex were studied in the concentrated regime, . In a preliminary report (Berret et al. #!ref16!#]), the discontinuity of slope observed in the shear stress versus shear rate curve was interpreted in terms of first-order phase transition between an isotropic state and a shear-induced
nematic state ( transition). At the transition rate, , the solution exhibits a macroscopic phase separation into viscous and fluid layers (inhomogeneous shear flow). Above a second
characteristic shear rate, the flow becomes homogeneous again, the sheared solution being nematic only. The neutron patterns
obtained in the two-state inhomogeneous region have been re-examined. Based on a consistent analysis of both orientational
and translational degrees of freedom related to the wormlike micelles, we emphasize new features for the transition. In the present paper, the shear rate variations of the relative proportions of each phase in the two-state region,
as well as the viscosity ratio between isotropic and nematic phases are derived. We demonstrate in addition that slightly
above the transition rate, the shear induced nematic phase is already strongly oriented, with an order parameter P
2
= 0.65. The orientational state is that of a nematic flow-oriented monodomain. Finally, from the locations of the neutron
scattering maxima for each isotropic and nematic contributions, we evaluate the concentrations for each phase and and derived a dynamical phase diagram of CPCl-Hex, in terms of the stress
versus
and . According to the classification by Schmitt et al. #!ref22!#], the transition observed in CPCl-Hex micellar solutions could result from a positive flow-concentration coupling, in agreement
with the observed monotonically increasing shear stress in the two-phase region.
Received: 16 February 1998 / Revised: 18 February 1998 /
Accepted: 24 May 1998 |
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Keywords: | PACS 61 30 Eb Experimental determinations of smectic nematic cholesteric and other structures - 83 50 Gd Nonlinear viscoelasticity - 64 70 -p Specific phase transitions - 82 70 -y Disperse systems |
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