汶川地震生态环境破坏严重区地形高程和起伏度分布特点

采用DEM数据对汶川地震严重灾区(11个县市)海拔高程和地形起伏度分布特点分析,海拔高度和地形起伏度总体上是西南高,东北低.海拔1 500 m以上区域面积占55.34%.其中海拔3 000 m以上区占19.67%.5 km×5 km单元地形起伏度>1 000 m的区域面积占23.92%.1 km×1km单元地形起伏度>200 m的区域面积占44.78%.灾区核心地段剖面海拔650～3 500m,800～2 000 m地段占全线段73.74%.对剖面线1 km单元段起伏度分析结果表明,南段起伏度大于北段,南段>300 m地段占39.07%,北段>300 m地段占17.97%.地震导致生态环境受损严重的地方主要分布在西南部.西南部既是地震震中区域,又是高海拔-高起伏度区域,有一定的重合.西南部区域生态系统破坏面积占总破坏面积的87.25%,新增水土流失面积占新增总面积的68.06%.汶川地震灾区生态环境遭受严重破坏因果关系链是:强烈地震+断层效应+地形因素等→地质灾害→植被和生态系统受损→生态功能受损.

Distribution of Elevation and Relief Amplitude in the Eco-environment Seriously Damaged Areas of Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on the DEM data, the relief amplitudes of the severest disaster areas of Wenchuan earthquake(including 11 counties) are analyzed.The results show that the southwest is higher than northeast in the area.The regions where the elevation is more than 1 500 m account for 55.34% of the total area, and those with the elevation of more than 3 000 m account for 19.67% .The regions where the elevation is less than 800 m are mainly in the south, and account for 18.59%.The acreage of the region where the relief a...