玻璃微珠、橡胶粉末填充聚丙烯复合材料吸能特性

采用单轴压缩试验分别对空心玻璃微珠( HGB)和丁腈橡胶粉末( PNBR)填充的聚丙烯( PP)复合材料进行压缩性能和吸能特性研究,通过测定基于摆锤冲击试验的冲击韧性对材料的吸能能力进行验证,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察材料的微观形貌. 结果表明:空心玻璃微珠增加聚丙烯的刚度并降低延展性,粉末丁腈橡胶减小聚丙烯的刚度并提高延展性;吸收相同能量时,粉末丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯体系产生的应力响应最小;根据吸能效率,空心玻璃微珠/聚丙烯体系的设计应力应高于粉末丁腈橡胶/聚丙烯体系;理想吸能效率的最大值出现在相对平缓的屈服阶段;冲击试验结果证明空心玻璃微珠和粉末丁腈橡胶都能改善聚丙烯的吸能特性.

Energy-absorption properties of polypropylene composites filled with glass beads and powdered rubber

The compressive properties and energy absorption properties of polypropylene ( PP) composites filled with hollow glass beads (HGB) and powdered nitrile butadiene rubber (PNBR) respectively were studied by uniaxial compression tests. The energy absorption capacity of the studied materials was verified by impact toughness based on pendulum impact tests. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microstructure of the fracture surfaces. It is found that HGB increases the stiffness but lowers the ductility of polypropylene, while PNBR is on the contrary. The stress response degree of PNBR/PP is the lowest as absorbing the same energy. The design stress of HGB/PP should be higher than that of PNBR/PP according to energy-absorption efficiency. The maximum value in the ideal energy-absorption efficiency curve occurs at the yield stage. Impact test results show that HGB and PNBR can improve the energy-absorption capability of polypropylene.