Novel approaches to the analysis of steroid estrogens in river sediments |
| |
Authors: | Kateřina Hájková Jana Pulkrabová Jakub Schůrek Jana Hajšlová Jan Poustka Michaela Nápravníková Vladimír Kocourek |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 3, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic |
| |
Abstract: | A wide range of estrogenic contaminants has been detected in the aquatic environment. Among these, natural and synthetic steroid estrogens, typically present in municipal sewage-treatment plant (STP) effluents, are the most potent. In this study a new GC–MS method has been developed for direct analysis of five major steroid estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, dienestrol, and diethylstilbestrol) in river sediments. Four GC–MS systems used for analysis of underivatized analytes in purified extracts were compared. Relatively low detection limits (1.5–5 ng g−1 dried sediment) and good repeatability of GC splitless injection (RSD 1–2%) were achieved by use of a system combining low-pressure gas chromatography with a single-quadrupole mass analyzer (LP-GC–MS). Use of orthogonal gas chromatography (GC×GC) hyphenated with high-speed time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HSTOF-MS) enabled not only significantly better resolution of target analytes, and their unequivocal identification, but also further improvement (decrease) of their detection limits. In addition to these outcomes, use of this unique GC×GC–TOF-MS system enabled identification of several other non-target chemicals, including pharmaceutical steroids, present in purified sediment extracts. |
| |
Keywords: | Pharmaceuticals Steroid estrogens Contaminants Sediment GC/MS Non-target screening |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|