空气隔离法流动注射在线预富集火焰原子吸收测定水样中的痕量铜和镉

研究了高效的在线流动注射编结反应器预富集火焰原子吸收系统直接测定水样中的痕量铜和镉。实验中将样品溶液和作为沉淀剂的氨水溶液输入编结反应器中，产生的铜和镉的氢氧化物沉淀被吸附在反应器壁内，然后通入一段空气流，再用硝酸洗脱并直接输送至火焰原子化器。在pH 5条件下，样品流速为4.4 mL·min-1,经90 s预富集，测定铜和镉的灵敏度分别提高34倍和36倍，检测限达1.9和0.3 μg·L-1。对铜和镉含量分别为30, 20 μg·L-1的溶液连续测定11次的相对标准偏差分别为2.3％和2.6％。此法用于饮用水和环境水样中痕量铜和镉的测定，获得了满意的结果。

Determination of Trace Copper and Cadmium in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Coupled with Flow Injection On-Line Preconcentration Using Air Segmentation

The flow injection on-line preconcentration with a knotted reactor (KR) system for the determination of copper and cadmium in water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) was described in the present paper. The precipitation preconcentration of trace copper and cadmium was achieved by on-line merging of the sample and ammonia solutions. The resultant precipitates were on-line collected by a knotted reactor (KR) without filtration, and then the authors used a process of air segmentation. A solution of 1 mol x L(-1) HNO3 was employed to dissolve the collected precipitates and to deliver the analyte into the FAAS system for on-line detection. With a sample loading flow rate of 4.4 mL x min(-1) and a preconcentration time of 90 s, the enhancement factor was 34 (for Cu) and 36 (for Cd) as compared with the conventional FAAS method. The detection limits (3sigma) are found to be 1.9 and 0.3 microg x L(-1) for copper and cadmium respectively. The precision (RSD, n = 11) was found to be 2.3% at the level of 30.0 microg x L(-1) of Cu (II), and 2.6% at the level of 20.0 microg x L(-1) of Cd (II). The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Cu (II) and Cd (II) in water samples.