Comparison of microwave‐assisted and heat reflux extraction techniques for the extraction of ten major compounds from Zibu Piyin Recipe using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry

Microwave‐assisted extraction and efficient ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry were previously used to quickly extract and simultaneously quantify ginsenoside Rf, Ro, and Rd, 20(S)‐ginsenoside‐Rg₂, 20(R)‐ginsenoside‐Rg₂, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone I, lithospermic acid, and osthole from Zibu Piyin Recipe. We here showed that heat reflux extraction provides higher extraction efficiency of these target compounds but is more time consuming. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C₁₈ column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of water/0.5% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min, and detection was performed by positive and negative ion multiple‐reaction monitoring mode. All analytes showed good linearity (r, 0.9989–0.9999) within the test range, with a limit of detection of 0.002–0.180 μg/mL. The overall intra‐ and interday variations of the ten compounds were ≤2.9%, and the accuracy was evaluated using a recovery test at three concentrations and was in the range 97.61–103.18% (RSD ≤ 4.25%). The analytical results showed remarkable differences in the concentrations of the ten compounds extracted from Zibu Piyin Recipe by microwave‐assisted extraction and heat reflux extraction. These findings provide important information for determining the quality of Zibu Piyin Recipe.