Density structures and giant vortex in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with the harmonic-plus-radial potential |
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Institution: | 1. School of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China;2. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;3. Department of Information Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Taizhou College, Taizhou 225300, China |
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Abstract: | We study the ground-state properties of two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) loaded in the harmonic-plus-radial potential. In the immiscible regime, odd-petal-number states can be found. By increasing the effective atom interactions, the odd-petal-number states transform into a phase where petals in the outer annular potential trough are coexisting with inner longitudinal stripes, and finally become the ‘serpentine’ stripe structures. In a rotating system, the giant vortex (GV) can be stabilized and controllable. The favorable conditions for GV are relatively small atom interactions, intermediate rotation frequency and intermediate SOC strength. Further, this type of harmonic-plus-radial trapping with a strong radial part is a suitable choice to create GV state. |
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Keywords: | Bose-Einstein condensates Gross-Pitaevskii equation Giant vortex Harmonic-plus-radial trap |
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