Photoemission, inverse photoemission and superconducting correlations in Hubbard and t-J ladders: role of the anisotropy between legs and rungs

Several experiments in the context of ladder materials have recently shown that the study of simple models of anisotropic ladders (i.e. with different couplings along legs and rungs) is important for the understanding of these compounds. In this paper Exact Diagonalization studies of the one-band Hubbard and t-J models are reported for a variety of densities, couplings, and anisotropy ratios. The emphasis is given to the one-particle spectral function which presents a flat quasiparticle dispersion at the chemical potential in some region of parameter space. This is correlated with the existence of strong pairing fluctuations, which themselves are correlated with an enhancement of the bulk-extrapolated value for the two-hole binding energy as well as with the strength of the spin-gap in the hole-doped system. Part of the results for the spectral function are explained using a simple analytical picture valid when the hopping along the legs is small. In particular, this picture predicts an insulating state at quarter filling in agreement with the metal-insulator transition observed at this special filling for increasing rung couplings. The results are compared against previous literature, and in addition pair-pair correlations using extended operators are also here reported. Received: 22 April 1998 / Revised: 23 July 1998 / Accepted: 30 July 1998