Useful multiparticle entanglement and sub-shot-noise sensitivity in experimental phase estimation |
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Authors: | Krischek Roland Schwemmer Christian Wieczorek Witlef Weinfurter Harald Hyllus Philipp Pezzé Luca Smerzi Augusto |
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Affiliation: | Fakult?t für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universit?t München, D-80799 München, Germany. |
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Abstract: | We experimentally demonstrate a general criterion to identify entangled states useful for the estimation of an unknown phase shift with a sensitivity higher than the shot-noise limit. We show how to exploit this entanglement on the examples of a maximum likelihood as well as of a Bayesian phase estimation protocol. Using an entangled four-photon state we achieve a phase sensitivity clearly beyond the shot-noise limit. Our detailed comparison of methods and quantum states for entanglement enhanced metrology reveals the connection between multiparticle entanglement and sub-shot-noise uncertainty, both in a frequentist and in a Bayesian phase estimation setting. |
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