微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定人造板饰面材料中铅镉铬

用微波消解作为样品前处理，选择硝酸和过氧化氢为消解试剂，用火焰原子吸收法和石墨炉原子吸收法，可测定三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸、聚氯乙烯(PVC)薄膜、漆膜等人造板饰面材料中的铅、镉、铬元素含量。火焰原子吸收法的铅、镉、铬元素检出限分别为0.12，0.020 9和0.146 μg·mL-1;石墨炉原子吸收法的镉元素检出限为0.157 μg·L-1。铅元素相对标准偏差为0.8%～3.0%，加标回收率为94%～109.2%;镉元素相对标准偏差为0.8%～2.1%，加标回收率为94%～106.4%;铬元素相对标准偏差为1.8%～4.9%，加标回收率为98.8%～107.7%。方法准确可靠，适用于人造板饰面材料中重金属的分析，可为制定相关检测方法标准提供依据。

Determination of Pb, Cd and Cr in Surface Decorating Materials of Wood-Based Panels by Microwave Digestion-AAS

With microwave-digestion as a sample decomposition technique and HNO₃ and H₂O₂ as digestion reagent, the contents of Pb, Cd and Cr in surface decorating materials of wood-based panels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The detection limit of Pb, Cd and Cr of FAAS is 0.12 μg·mL-1, 0.029 μg·L-1 and 0.146 μg·L-1; respectively, the cadmium detection limit of GFAAS is 0.157 μg·L-1. The precision of lead was between 0.8% and 3.0% and the recoveries ranged from 94% to 109.2%. The precision of cadmium was between 0.8% and 2.1%, and the recoveries ranged from 94.6% to 106.4%. The precision of chromium was between 1.8% and 4.9%, and the recoveries ranged from 98.8% to 107.7%. The method is accurate and reliable, and suitable and applicable to determining heavy metal of surface decorating materials of wood-based panels. The result is expected to provide scientific basis for establishing a corresponding Chinese national standard.