Thermal Non-Equilibrium Porous Convection with Heat Generation and Density Maximum

Linear stability criterion for the onset of natural convection in a fluid saturated porous medium with uniform internal heat generation and density maximum is determined. The porous medium is not in local thermal equilibrium (LTE) and we follow a two-field model for the energy equation. It is found that both the heat generation and density maximum have an additive effect in advancing the onset condition. In general the destabilising effect of density maximum increases for large values of the fluid heat generation parameter. This effect becomes prominent even for small values of the fluid heat generation parameter when the flow is of Darcy type and LTE is not valid.