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DNA photocleavage and anticancer activity of terpyridine copper(II) complexes having phenanthroline bases
Authors:Sovan Roy  Sounik Saha  Ritankar Majumdar  Rajan R Dighe  Akhil R Chakravarty
Institution:1. Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India;2. Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
Abstract:Copper(II) complexes Cu(ph-tpy)(B)](ClO4) (13), where ph-tpy is (4′-phenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine and B is N,N-donor phenanthroline base, viz. 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, 1), dipyridoquinoxaline (dpq, 2), and dipyridophenazine (dppz, 3), were prepared and characterized from analytical and spectral data. Complex 1, characterized by X-ray crystallography, shows a distorted square-pyramidal (4 + 1) CuN5 coordination geometry having the tridentate ph-tpy ligand at the basal plane and bidentate phen bound to the axial-equatorial sites. The complexes display a dd band near 650 nm in aqueous DMF. The complexes are avid binders to calf thymus DNA giving the binding order: 3 (dppz) > 2 (dpq) > 1 (phen). The dpq and dppz complexes show photo-induced DNA cleavage activity in red light via photo-redox pathway forming hydroxyl radicals. The cytotoxicity of the dppz complex 3 was studied by MTT assay in HeLa cancer cells. The IC50 values are 3.7 and 12.4 μM in visible light of 400–700 nm and dark, respectively.
Keywords:Copper(II) complex  DNA binding  DNA photocleavage  Cytotoxicity  Phenanthroline bases  Crystal structure
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