Affiliation: | a Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan b Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan c Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8405, Japan |