Heuristics for integrated optimization of catheter positioning and dwell time distribution in prostate HDR brachytherapy

High dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is one kind of radiotherapy used to treat different forms of cancer, such as prostate cancer. When this treatment is used for prostate cancer, a radioactive source is moved through catheters implanted into the prostate. For each patient, a treatment plan is constructed. This plan determines for example catheter positions and dwell time distribution, that is, where to the radioactive source should stop and for how long.