金华市郊土壤和杂草元素含量特征及数量分析

测定浙江金华郊区 33个样点的土壤和 38种杂草的 5 1份植物材料中 K、Mg、Ca、Mn、Zn、Cr、Cu、Pb、Cd元素含量 ,结果表明 ,9种元素在土壤中的含量 K >Mg>Ca>Mn>Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd,在植物体内 K>Ca>Mg>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd。9种元素在土壤中的含量变异为 Mn>Cd>Ca>Zn>Cr>Cu>Mg>Pb>K;在杂草中 ,除 Zn、Mn外 ,其余 7种元素均以根部元素含量在种间的变异最大 ,地上部分的变异幅度比较接近。杂草对元素的富集作用为 Ca>K>Mg=Cd>Pb>Zn>Mn>Cu>Cr。Ca、K、Mg元素在植物的地上部分的含量高于地下部分 ,6种重金属元素中 ,仅 Mn在叶中的含量高于根部 ,其余均是根 >叶 >茎 >花果 (除 Cu外 )。生长于重金属污染环境下的空心莲子草 (Alternanthera philoxeroides)、卷耳 (Cerastium viscosum )、臭荠 (Coronopusdidymus)、钻形紫菀 (Aster sublatus)、光风轮 (Clinopodium conf ines)、水蓼 (Polygonum hydropiper)、水苦荬(Veronica undulata )、三白草 (Saururuschinensis)、鹅观草 (Roegneria kamoji )、波斯婆婆纳 (Veronica persica )、石龙芮 (Ranunculus sceleratus)、水芹 (Onanthe javanica )、龙葵 (Solanum nigrum )、一年蓬 (Conyza annunus)、北美车前 (Plantago virginica )、直立婆婆纳 (Veronica arvensis

Characteristics and Quantitative Analysis of Elements in Weeds and Soil in Jinhua Suburb

The contents of nine elements including K,Mg,Ca,Mn,Zn,Cr,Cu,Pb and Cd in the 51 weed samples and 33 soil samples collected from Jinhua suburb,Zhejiang,China were determined. The results are as follows. The mean elements concentration in soil followed an order as K > Mg > Ca > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd, in weeds as K > Ca > Mg > Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd. The coefficients of variation of the concentration of the elements among the soil samples followed as Mn > Cd > Ca > Zn > Cr > Cu > Mg > Pb > K. The higher variation coefficients of the concentration of the elements excluding Zn and Mn were found among the roots of the different weeds. The accumulation coefficients of the elements arranged as Ca > K > Mg=Cd > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr. The contents of Ca,K,Mg were higher in the stems,leaves,inflorescence and fruits than in the roots. The higher concentration of Mn was found in leaves, but Ca,Cr,Mn,Pb and Zn were higher in roots, following leaves and stems, inflorescences and fruits (excluding Cu) Alternanthera philoxeroides, Cerastium viscosum, Coronopus didymus, Aster sublatus, Clinopodium confine, Polygonum hydropiper, Veronica undulata, Saururus chinensis, Roegneria kamoji, Veronica persica, Ranunculus sceleratus, Onanthe javanica, Solanum nigrum, Conyza annunus, Plantago viriginica and Veronica arvensis have the higher concentration of the heavy metal elements in the contaminated environments by heavy metal elements.