X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectra of vanadium oxides

X-ray (XS) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectra are reported for vanadium oxides. Because of the multivalent character of vanadium in the oxide system high quality measurements can be used for chemical shift investigation. Both inner level and valence band spectroscopy give information on the electronic structure and their systematic change with increasing oxidation state. The experimental results are discussed favourable in terms of molecular orbital theory (MO-theory). The complete set of XS and XPS data reported here for V-oxides allows the identification of unknown vanadium oxidation states too.