Analysis of nuclear spectra with non-linear techniques and its implementation in the Cambio software application

Popular nuclear spectral analysis applications typically use either the results of a peak search or of the best match of a set of linear templates as the basis for their conclusions. These well‐proven methods work well in controlled environments. However, they often fail in cases where the critical information resides in well-masked peaks, where the data is sparse and good statistics cannot be obtained, and where little is known about the detector that was used. These conditions are common in emergency analysis situations, but are also common in radio‐assay situations where background radiation is high and time is limited. To address these limitations, non‐linear fitting techniques have been introduced into an application called “Cambio” suitable for public use. With this approach, free parameters are varied in iterative steps to converge to values that minimize differences between the actual data and the approximating functions that correspond to the values of the parameters. For each trial nuclide, a single parameter is varied that often has a strongly non‐linear dependence on other, simultaneously varied parameters for energy calibration, attenuation by intervening matter, detector resolution, and peak-shape deviations. A brief overview of this technique and its implementation is presented, together with an example of its performance and differences from more common methods of nuclear spectral analysis.