Metastability of free cobalt and iron clusters: a possible precursor to bulk ferromagnetism |
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Authors: | Xu Xiaoshan Yin Shuangye Moro Ramiro Liang Anthony Bowlan John de Heer Walt A |
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Institution: | School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA. |
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Abstract: | Homonuclear cobalt and iron clusters Co(N) and Fe(N) measured in a cryogenic molecular beam exist in two states with distinct magnetic moments (μ), polarizabilities, and ionization potentials, indicating distinct valences. The μ is approximately quantized: μ(N)~2Nμ(B) in the ground states and μ(N)(*)~Nμ(B) in the excited states for Co; μ(N)~3Nμ(B) and μ(N)(*)~Nμ(B) for Fe. At a large size, the average μ of the two states converges to the bulk value with diminishing ionization potential differences. The experiments suggest localized ferromagnetism in the two states and that itinerant ferromagnetism emerges from their superposition. |
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