基于精密星历的星链轨道特性研究

当前,星链巨型星座受到国际航天业内广泛关注。由于其运营方SpaceX公司的商业性质以及星链卫星潜在军事用途,涉及星链卫星技术细节的资料比较匮乏。为减小星链卫星星座运行过程中对国际有关行业的不良影响,SpaceX公司定期公开全部在轨星链卫星的精密星历。这为研究星链控制策略及其运行规律提供了难得的一手资料。本文尝试分析SpaceX公司发布星历的精度,利用星链卫星的精密星历分析星链卫星工作轨道维持段的站位保持策略和卫星自动碰撞规避策略,为巨型星座卫星设计和管控提供一定参考。

STUDY ON THE ORBITAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STARLINK SATELLITES BASED ON PRECISE EPHEMERIS

At present, the starlink mega-constellation is received widespread attention from the international space industry. Due to the commercial nature of its operator and the potential military use of starlink satellites, relevant information related to the technical details of starlink satellites is scarce. In order to alleviate the adverse impact on international related industries during the operation of starlink satellites, SpaceX regularly publishes the precision ephemeris of all starlink satellites in orbit. This provides us with rare first-hand materials for our research on starlink’s control strategy and its operational behavior. This paper attempts to analyze the accuracy of the ephemeris released by SpaceX, and analyzes the position holding strategy and satellite automatic collision avoidance strategy during the deployment stage of starlink satellite using the precision ephemeris of starlink satellites, which can provide a certain reference for the department studying starlink satellite.