金属型含能材料力学行为研究进展

含能材料是一种在高温/高压作用下能够发生化学反应，并释放大量能量的新型材料。金属型含能材料作为其中一类，因密度大、强度高、稳定性好等优异性能，成为了现代武器装备中关注的重点材料之一，在破片战斗部等军事领域有着广泛的应用潜力。其中，材料的力学性能直接影响武器装备对目标的侵彻能力，决定着对目标的最终毁伤威力，一直是武器装备应用中关注的关键参数之一。为实现金属型含能材料高穿甲能力并保证高释能特性，研究人员对其力学性能开展了大量研究。本文中，对金属型含能材料力学行为的研究现状进行了综述，包括简单介绍金属型含能材料的制备工艺和力学性能测试系统，详细梳理金属型含能材料力学性能研究、微观分析及理论研究等4个方面的研究进展。总结认为，目前对金属型含能材料力学性能的研究已经有了一些成果，但是缺乏其他复杂环境条件以及其他关键工艺对其力学性能影响的研究，同时缺少材料微观性能对其力学性能的影响以及微观行为和宏观行为之间关联机制的研究，并且尚未建立能够准确反映材料在热、力、率等复杂条件下的力学理论模型。因此，制备性能优异的金属型含能材料、开展复杂条件下金属型含能材料力学性能研究、探索微观行为与宏观行为之间的关联机制，以及建立和完善材料本构模型等研究内容，将是推动金属型含能材料工程应用的重点。

Research progress in mechanical behaviors of metallic energetic materials

Energetic materials are a novel class of substances that can produce chemical reactions, releasing significant amounts of energy when exposed to high temperatures and pressures. Metallic energetic materials have become a key component in modern weaponry and equipment due to their exceptional properties, including high density, strength, and stability. These materials possess significant potential for use in fragmentation warheads and other military applications. Among various characters, the mechanical properties of materials directly affect the penetration ability of the weapons equipment on the target and determine the final damage power of the target, which has always been one of the key parameters in the application of the weapons and equipment. In order to achieve high armor-piercing ability and high energy release characteristics of metallic energetic materials, extensive research has been conducted by scholars on their mechanical characteristics. In this paper, the current research status on the mechanical behavior of metallic energetic materials is reviewed, including a brief introduction of the preparation technology and mechanical property testing system of metallic energetic materials, as well as a detailed review of research progress in their mechanical properties, microscopic analysis, and theoretical studies. It is concluded that there have been significant achievements in studying the mechanical properties of these materials, but there remains a lack of investigation into their behavior under complex environmental conditions and other key processes. At the same time, there is a lack of research on the influence of material microscopic properties on their mechanical properties and the correlation mechanism between microscopic and macroscopic behaviors. Furthermore, an accurate mechanical theoretical model that can effectively capture the complex conditions of materials such as temperature, loading rate, and stress has yet to be established. Therefore, the development of metallic energetic materials with superior performance, investigation into the mechanical properties of metallic energetic fragments under complex conditions, exploration of the correlation mechanism between micro and macro behavior, and establishment and refinement of material constitutive models will be the key issue for advancing the engineering application of metallic energetic materials.