Thermodynamics of alcohols and monosaccharides in aqueous solutions of thiourea at 25°C |
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Authors: | Guido Barone Giuseppina Castronuouvo Vittorio Elia Maria Teresa Tosto |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, University of Naples, Via Mezzocannone 4, 80134 Naples, Italy |
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Abstract: | The excess enthalpies of twelve ternary aqueous solutions of alcohols or monosaccharides containing thiourea have been determined by flow microcalorimetry at 25°C. The coefficients of the virial expansion of the excess enthalpies are compared with those reported in the literature for the same ternary solutions containing urea in place of thiourea. The cross-interaction coefficients are positive for the thiourea-alcohol systems and depend on the length and branching of the alkyl chain of the alcohols. On the other hand, they are negative for the thiourea-monosaccharide systems. Thus, thiourea, as urea, can be used as a probe to reveal differences in the behavior of families of solutes characterized by the same functional groups. The results can be interpreted in terms of the relative stabilities of hydration cospheres of hydrophobic or hydrophilic solutes toward a chaotropic agent such as thiourea.Presented at the sixth Italian meeting on Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis (AICAT) held in Naples, December 4–7, 1984. |
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Keywords: | Aqueous solutions nonelectrolytes alcohols monosaccharides thiourea hydrophilic interactions cosphere stability excess enthalpy |
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