基于ANSYS的缺口和裂纹对结构应力分布影响有限元研究

缺口和裂纹都会对结构的应力分布产生影响，过去对这两个领域的研究一直平行发展，交叉领域的研究比较少。本文应用有限元软件ANSYS，分析了金属材料中缺口根部和裂纹尖端的应力分布。有限元计算结果与Taylor^1]的理论分析一致，即在缺口和裂纹根部存在一临界距离，大于这一临界距离时，缺口和裂纹具有类似的应力值，并都易受尺寸因素的影响；临界距离内的应力与最大应力之比只同缺口半径有关，而与结构绝对尺寸无关。文中并对缺口和裂纹交叉领域以后的研究方向提出了看法。

Finite Element Study on Effect of Notches and Cracks in a Structure Stress Distribution by Software ANSYS

The notches and cracks in a structure have effects on the stress distribution. The research developments have proceeded on parallel tracks in the past, and there being little overlap between the studies on them. In this paper, the stress distributions of the tip of notches and cracks in metallic materials were studied by the software-ANSYS. The finite element results are good agreement with theoretical results: there is a critical distance in the neighborhood of the tip of notches and cracks. Outside this critical distance, the notches and cracks show analogous stress values and all become sensitive to the global geometry features. Inside the critical distance, the ratio of the stress to peak stress only depends on the notches' radius. Some views on the future development of the study between notches and cracks are put forward.