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The probability of choosing primitive sets
Authors:Sergi Elizalde  Kevin Woods
Institution:a Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
b Department of Mathematics, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA
Abstract:We generalize a theorem of Nymann that the density of points in Zd that are visible from the origin is 1/ζ(d), where ζ(a) is the Riemann zeta function View the MathML source. A subset SZd is called primitive if it is a Z-basis for the lattice Zd∩spanR(S), or, equivalently, if S can be completed to a Z-basis of Zd. We prove that if m points in Zd are chosen uniformly and independently at random from a large box, then as the size of the box goes to infinity, the probability that the points form a primitive set approaches 1/(ζ(d)ζ(d−1)?ζ(dm+1)).
Keywords:Primitive sets  Visible points  Random lattice points
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