| Abstract: | We investigate the processes that arise when a wave front hits a natural obstacle in the form of a forest. The modeling is carried out in the framework of a single methodological approach that uses the Euler equation to describe the motion of the air mass both over an open area and inside the forest. In the latter case the equations include mass forces associated with the vegetation. The numerical solution is obtained by Godunov’s method using parallel programming techniques. Two types of incident wave front are investigated: a plane shockwave and a nonlinear acoustic impulse modeling a spherical explosion wave at a large distance from the source. The specific features of the interaction process, including penetration of the wave front into the forest, partial reflection from the near boundary, and diffraction above the top boundary, are investigated for different types of vegetation (coniferous and deciduous forests). The numerical results reveal the formation of a pair of ascending and descending currents in the upper part of the forest (inside the tree crowns). The existence of this structure is confirmed by experimental findings. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Matematika i Informatika, No. 21, pp. 48–71, 2005. |
